Tag Archive for 'system'

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Apache 2.2.3 PHP 5.2.0 Mysql 4.1 Install

Published on January 2, 2007 in Linux, MySQL, Operating system, PHP and Tech. 0 Comments Tags: apache, Linux, MySQL, PHP, system.

以 apache handler 和 fastcgi 两种方式安装 PHP 5.2.0，并使用 –with-mysql 和 –with-mysqli 两种方式连接 Mysql 数据库

配置 PHP 安装

'./configure' '--codefix=/opt/php5' '--with-apxs2=/opt/bin/apxs' '--enable-fastcgi' '--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql' '--enable-calendar' '--enable-force-cgi-redirect' '--with-configure-file-path=/opt/php5/cgi' '--enable-trans-sid' '--with-gd' '--with-xml' '--with-ttf=/usr' '--with-freetype-dir=/usr' '--enable-exif' '--with-dom-xslt=/usr' '--with-jpeg-dir=/usr/local/jpeg6b' '--with-png-dir=/usr' '--with-zlib-dir=/usr' '--enable-ftp' '--with-curl=/usr' '--enable-mbstring' '--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config' '--with-openssl=/usr' '--with-gettext' '--enable-sockets' '--enable-memory-limit' '--with-xmlrpc' '--enable-debug=no' '--enable-track-vars' '--with-iconv' '--enable-sqlite-utf8' '--with-pgsql=/opt/postgresql'

这里我还安装了 Postgresql 所以使用了 ‘–with-pgsql=/opt/postgresql’ ，不过奇怪的是如果我使用
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--with-pdo-mysql --with-pdo-pgsql

就会出现配置安装的错误。
同时使用 mysql 和 mysqli 在 make 的时候可能会出现很多警告，在 MAKEFILE 文件中找到以 EXTRA_LIBS 开始的行，删除第二个 -lmysqlclient_r

SVN服务器搭建完全手册

Published on December 25, 2006 in Linux, Operating system and Tech. 0 Comments Tags: cvs, Linux, svn, system.

准备，下载所需要文件.
检查已安装的 Apache2 是否已经安装了 mod_dav .
编译SVN，遇到的问题和解决方法

使用默认文件系统(fsfs) 保存数据
使用 Berkeley DB 保存数据

配置Apache和SVN，测试.
其它小结

从Windows平台上数据转移
配置文件,使用其支持对文件中的 $Id$ 标签每次提交的时候自动更新版本信息.
基于路径的权限控制
常用SVN命令

相关资源

准备，下载所需要文件

本文测试环境

1	Linux MY_SERVER 2.6.9-5.ELsmp #1 SMP Wed Jan 5 19:30:39 EST 2005 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux

Apache 2.2.2

最新的版本 Subversion 可以在这里找到：http://subversion.tigris.org/project_packages.html

检查已安装的 Apache2 是否已经安装了 mod_dav

如果已经成功安装了Apache，使用 httpd -M 来查看有没有安装 dav_module，如果没有的话必须附加 ‘–enable-dav’ ‘–enable-dav-fs’ 两个参数重新编译 Apache，否则即使编译通过了svn,apache也会启动不起来.

编译APACHE2.2

修改部分源代码
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# vi server/mpm/worker/worker.c

找到下面几行，并改成如下的数值，其目的是在源码中修改apache可支持的最大线程数和最大客户端数目。

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# define DEFAULT_SERVER_LIMIT 256
# define MAX_SERVER_LIMIT 40000
# define DEFAULT_THREAD_LIMIT 256
# define MAX_THREAD_LIMIT 40000

编译配置
优化编译选项及配置apache可加载的模块

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# CFLAGS="-O6 -mpentiumpro -fomit-frame-pointer" CXX=gcc CXXFLAGS="-O6 -mpentiumpro -fomit-frame-pointer -felide-constructors -fno-exceptions -fno-rtti" \
> ./configure --codefix=/usr/local/apache2.2 --enable-mods-shared=all \
> --enable-so --with-mpm=worker --enable-deflate \
> --enable-cache --enable-disk-cache --enable-mem-cache --enable-file-cache \
> --enable-proxy --enable-suexec

编译及安装
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# gmake && make install
优化apache配置选项
修改MPM（多道处理器）参数

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# cd /usr/local/apache2.2
# vi conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf

找到如下选项，并改成对应的数值

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ServerLimit 64
ThreadLimit 128
StartServers 8
MaxClients 8192
MinSpareThreads 50
MaxSpareThreads 256
ThreadsPerChild 128
MaxRequestsPerChild 0

修改apache2.2子进程所有者

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# vi /usr/local/apache2.2/conf/httpd.conf
把daemon改为nobody
User nobody
Group nobody

编译SVN，遇到的问题和解决方法

使用默认的文件系统保存数据.

最终完整通过安装和测试的编译参数为：

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./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs \
--with-apr=/home/src/server/httpd-2.2.2/srclib/apr \
--with-apr-util=/home/src/server/httpd-2.2.2/srclib/apr-util

1 2	# make # make install

其中 /home/src/server/ 为 httpd-2.2.2 源代码所在文件夹，根据实际情况调整一下.

遇到问题

–with-apr 和 –with-apr-util 如果没有加上的话，即使编译成功了也会出现
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Can’t set position pointer in file ‘/home/svn/repos/db/revs/0′: Invalid argument

这样的错误提示.
暂时不能使用 Berkeley DB [* 已解决]
svn保存文件更新数据库的方法有两个，一种是直接使用 fs (filesystem)来保存,另一种是通过Oracle提供支持的开源数据库 Berkeley DB 进行保存。但是如果加上 –with-berkeley-db=/usr/local/BerkeleyDB.4.4 就会configure时就会报错.

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configure: error: APR-UTIL was installed independently, it won’t be
possible to use the specified Berkeley DB: /usr/local/BerkeleyDB.4.4

我想 apr-unit 暂时不支持吧，我们就用默认的fs好了.
在make 的时候可能会遇到缺少 srclib/apr/libapr-1.la，srclib/apr-util/libaprutil-1.la 两个文件，找不到而make error.
解决办法：/usr/local/apache2/lib/ 中找到，将其复制到源代码文件夹相应的位置中.

UPDATE!!!

使用 BerkeleyDB 保存数据

安装 BerkeleyDB

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cd /usr/local/src
$ wget http://downloads.sleepycat.com/db-4.3.29.tar.gz
$ tar xzvf db-4.3.29.tar.gz
$ cd /usr/local/src/db-4.3.29/build_unix
$ ../dist/configure --enable-compat185
$ make
$ make install

更新apr和apr-util源代码

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# 清理编译后的.la文件
$ cd /usr/local/src/httpd-2.2.3
$ make clean
$ cd /usr/local/src/subversion-1.3.2
$ rm -rf apr
$ rm -rf apr-util
$ cp -rf /usr/local/src/httpd-2.2.3/srclib/apr ./
$ cp -rf /usr/local/src/httpd-2.2.3/srclib/apr-util/ ./

编译安装
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# /configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs \
> --with-berkeley-db=/usr/local/BerkeleyDB.4.3 \
> --with-ssl
# make
# make install

遇到问题

BerkeleyDB 版本不能大于 4.3.否则同样会出现以下错误.
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configure: error: APR-UTIL was installed independently, it won’t be
possible to use the specified Berkeley DB: /usr/local/BerkeleyDB.4.4

主要是apr-util 暂时不支持4.4的版本.
必须更新apr，apr-util 源代码.
subversion-1.3.2 自带的 apr-util 的版本是0.9.6的,必须升级为 1.2.7 虽然能编译过去。但在 svn checkout 的时候会提示

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svn: REPORT request failed on ‘/!svn/vcc/default’
svn: REPORT of ‘/!svn/vcc/default’: Could not read status line: connection was closed by server.

这个问题困扰了我很长时间，Google和官方论坛都无结果。后来昨天竟然自己无意中解决了，感动的得哭了:)

配置Apache和SVN，测试

成功编译svn后会在 httpd.conf 中自动加上

1 2	LoadModule dav_svn_module modules/mod_dav_svn.so LoadModule authz_svn_module modules/mod_authz_svn.so

两个模块，没有的话，自行加上或检测是否真的编译成功.

假设我们现在要将一个名为 Lair 的项目导入到 SVN中

Apache的配置
在 conf/httpd.conf 或 conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf 中加入

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<Location /svn/Lair>
DAV svn
SVNPath /home/svn/Lair
</Location>

可以参考以下apache的配置，实现数据加密传输，用户身份验证.

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Listen 443

AddType application/x-x509-ca-cert .crt
AddType application/x-pkcs7-crl .crl.

SSLPassPhraseDialog exec:/etc/sendsslpwd
SSLSessionCache shmcb:/usr/local/apache2/logs/ssl_scache(512000)
SSLSessionCacheTimeout 300
SSLMutex file:/usr/local/apache2/logs/ssl_mutex

<VirtualHost _default_:443>
DocumentRoot /var/SVNRoot
ServerName svn.yousite.com:443
ServerAdmin [email protected]
<Location />

DAV svn
SVNPath /var/SVNRoot
AuthzSVNAccessFile /etc/svnserve.conf
Satisfy Any
AuthType Basic
AuthName “yousite SVN Repository”
AuthUserFile /etc/httpd-passwords.txt
Require valid-user

</Location>
SSLEngine on
SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP:+eNULL
SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/server.crt
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/server.key

</VirtualHost>

更详细的配置说明文档 http://svnbook.red-bean.com/nightly/en/svn.ref.mod_dav_svn.conf.html

配置，并且测试SVN，
创建一个新用户,用了保存仓库.

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useradd -m svn

创建一个新模块

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# su daemon #(apache是以daemon用户运行的,所以要切换身份，否则可能会报目录访问权限错误)
# svnadmin create --fs-type fsfs /home/svn/Lair

导入原来的项目

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svn import /var/www/Lair http://localhost/svn/Lair -m ‘Initial import’

重新建立工作目录

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# rm -rf /var/www/Lair ##(注意备份!!)
# svn checkout http://localhost/svn/Lair

测试打开 http://localhost/svn/Lair

如能看到一个你项目录列表，说明您成功了。

其它小结

数据转移:

从 Windows 平台 SVN 服务器转移
如果windows svn储存的格式也是dbd的话，直接将SVN的文件夹copy过来即可.然后
执行 svnadmin recover /var/SVNRoot 检查一下数据库是否损坏.

最后注意权限,确保 db 目录下的所有文件可写。

1 2	chmod 755 db chmod 666 db/*

否则checkout时出现以下错误，多数是因为文件或者目录权限问题引起的，可以尝试用 chown 或者 chmod 命令修改一下权限

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<m:human-readable errcode=”160029″>

Could not open the requested SVN filesystem
</m:human-readable>

<m:human-readable errcode=”13″>
Could not open the requested SVN filesystem
</m:human-readable>

另外一种方法没有测试过，原理大致和mysqldump一样，将svn导出为文本文件，然后重新导入，好处是可以避免因为存储格式不同而导致的数据转移困难。

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# dump data to file (assuming a repo @ c:\repo):

svnadmin dump c:\repo > c:\repo.txt
# Copy the file over to linux:
mkdir /repo
svnadmin create /repo
svnadmin load /repo < /repo.txt

设置访问控制
当 httpd.conf 中设置 AuthzSVNAccessFile 时，可以设置不同用户对不同目录的访问控制.以下是一个例子.

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[groups]
root = admin.root
web = user1,user2
soft = user3,user4

[/]
@root = rw

[/www]

@web = rw

[/soft]
@soft = rw

详细的说明文档：http://svnbook.red-bean.com/nightly/en/svn.serverconfig.httpd.html

配置文件，使用其支持对文件中的 $Id$ 标签每次提交的时候自动更新版本信息(自动属性).

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Windows : C:\Documents and Settings\%USERNAME%\Application Data\Subversion\config
Linux : ~\.subversion\config
[miscellany]

enable-auto-props = yes
[auto-props]
*.php=svn:keywords=Id
*.html=svn:keywords=Id

关于自动属性的更高级讨论

几条常用svn 命令
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$ svn update
$ svn add “filename”
$ svn commit

参考

Ruby on Rails Windows安装问题

Published on December 13, 2006 in Operating system and Tech. 0 Comments Tags: rails, ruby, system, windows.

使用Windows上安装Ruby on Rails的时候，在使用gem安装Rails的时候遇到这样的问题

1	gem install rails --include-dependencies

错误提示找不到 ssleay32.dll 和 zlib.dll，这时候需要下载下面这几个文件放到 \ruby-version\bin 这个目录下

DBD::mysql安装问题

Published on December 12, 2006 in MySQL, Operating system and Tech. 0 Comments Tags: DBD, module, MySQL, perl, system.

在安装perl的DBD::mysql 模块的时候遇到一些问题

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$ perl -MCPAN -e shell
[....]
Can't exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 76.

Cannot find the file 'mysql_config'! Your execution PATH doesn't seem
not contain the path to mysql_config. Resorting to guessed values!
Can't exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 454.
Can't exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 454.
Can't exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 454.
Can't exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 454.
Can't exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 454.
Can't exec "mysql_config": No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 454.
Failed to determine directory of mysql.h. Use
[....]

进入DBD::mysql的代码安装目录

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$ cd $HOME/.cpan/build/DBD-mysql-3.0008
$ perl --mysql_config=$MYSQL_PREFIX_DIR/bin/mysql_config
$ make
$ make test
$ make install

这样就安装成功了

Perl安装问题

Published on December 12, 2006 in Operating system and Tech. 0 Comments Tags: error, perl, system.

Perl 在测试服务器上安装perl5.8.8

1 2	$./configure.gnu --codefix=$HOME/local make

结果出错啦~

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make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/.salk/ndw/src/perl-5.8.6/x2p'

Making B (dynamic)
opendir(./../../../../..): Permission denied at ../../lib/File/Find.pm line 597
Use of chdir('') or chdir(undef) as chdir() is decodecated at ../../lib/File/Find.pm line 741.
opendir(./..): Permission denied at ../../lib/ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm line 165
Couldn't change to directory /home/.salk/ndw/C: No such file or directory at Makefile.PL line 18
Writing Makefile for B
Warning: No Makefile!
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/.salk/ndw/src/perl-5.8.6/ext/B'
make[1]: *** No rule to make target `config'. Stop.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/.salk/ndw/src/perl-5.8.6/ext/B'
make config failed, continuing anyway...
make[1]: Entering directory `/home/.salk/ndw/src/perl-5.8.6/ext/B'
make[1]: *** No rule to make target `all'. Stop.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/home/.salk/ndw/src/perl-5.8.6/ext/B'
make: *** [lib/auto/B/B.so] Error 2

用

1	$make minitest

来测试，结果在98.5%的地方出错了，没有办法，GOOGLE上搜索了一下，结果是编译的地方出错了，在 /tmp 下面编译一点问题都没有，看来是不是以后都要改变一下编译的习惯了？

1	/tmp$ ./configure.gnu --codefix=$HOME/local && make && make test && make install

Installing Ruby on Rails with mod_fcgi for Apache 2

Published on December 3, 2006 in Operating system and Tech. 0 Comments Tags: apache2, rails, ruby, system.

rails After a few hours of trial and error using advice from many different sites/posts, this is the process that I found successful in getting Ruby on Rails working with the Apache 2 fcgi module on linux. I hope this helps someone hang onto a few more hair follicles.

Before we begin, I can say that this was only successful when I did the setup in this order. Perhaps others have done it in a different way, but this worked for me. BTW, I using Redhat Enterprise 4.

First, we’ll install ruby.

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curl -O ftp://ftp.ruby-lang.org/pub/ruby/1.8/ruby-1.8.4.tar.gz
tar xvfz ruby-1.8.4.tar.gz
cd ruby-1.8.4
./configure --codefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ..

Just to make sure everything installed properly try this:

1	ruby --version

It should return something like this:

1	ruby 1.8.4 (2005-12-24) [i686-linux]

Now let’s install ruby gems.

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curl -O http://rubyforge.org/frs/download.php/5207/rubygems-0.8.11.tgz
tar xvfz rubygems-0.8.11.tgz
cd rubygems-0.8.11
ruby setup.rb
cd ..

Now we need to install the FastCGI development kit.

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curl -O http://www.fastcgi.com/dist/fcgi-2.4.0.tar.gz
tar xvfz fcgi-2.4.0.tar.gz
cd fcgi-2.4.0
./configure --codefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ..

Allrighty then. We’re moving now.
Continue reading ‘Installing Ruby on Rails with mod_fcgi for Apache 2′

linux系统下的多文件替换

Published on November 12, 2006 in Operating system, Tech and ubuntulinux. 0 Comments Tags: awk, Linux, system, tr, ubuntulinux.

又是一个老问题，不过对刚刚接触Unix/Linux的人来说还是非常管用的

1	find . -name "*.c" \| xargs sed -i 's/xxx/yyy/g'

以安全的方式更改文件中的大小写

1 2	$cat toc.html \| tr '[:upper:]' '[:lower:]' > toc1.html $mv toc1.html toc.html

使用rewrite实现永久重定向

Published on November 10, 2006 in Operating system and Tech. 0 Comments Tags: apache, dreamhost, rewrite, system.

blogit.3322.org在DreamHost上不能使用，怎么办？使用301永久重定向吧，找个可以使用rewrite的空间，把blogit.3322.org指向那里（保持fred.oracle1.com和blogit.3322.org相同的目录结构），在根目录下.htaccess写入下面内容，这样如果有人从搜索引擎比如Google访问

1	<a href="http://blogit.3322.org/weblog/2006/11/10/dreamhost-now/">http://blogit.3322.org/weblog/2006/11/10/dreamhost-now/</a>

那就会自动重定向到

1	http://fred.oracle1.com/weblog/2006/11/10/dreamhost-now/

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Options +FollowSymLinks
RewriteEngine on
RewriteRule ^(.*) http://fred.oracle1.com/$1 [R=301,L]

SSH term problem

Published on November 1, 2006 in Operating system, Tech and ubuntulinux. 0 Comments Tags: RedHat, SSH, system, ubuntulinux.

redhat rhel4 SSH登录RedHat后使用一些命令出现

unknown terminal “rxvt-unicode”

是因为远程服务器 TERM 不能识别“rxvt-unicode”
在 $HOME/.bash_profile 中加入下面这样的(当然还有其他地方啦)就ok了。

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export PATH
if [ "$TERM" = "rxvt-unicode" ]; then
TERM="rxvt"
export TERM
fi

把 rxvt-unicode 改为服务器识别的就是一个道理。

HOT PERL ONLINERS

Published on October 25, 2006 in Operating system and Tech. 0 Comments Tags: perl, system.

Just enough perl to do most everything! Tom Christianson (spelling?)
once posted a canonical list of one line perl programs to do many common
command-line tasks.
It included:

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# run contents of "my_file" as a program
perl my_file

# run debugger "stand-alone"
perl -d -e 42

# run program, but with warnings
perl -w my_file

# run program under debugger
perl -d my_file

# just check syntax, with warnings
perl -wc my_file

# useful at end of "find foo -print"
perl -nle unlink

# simplest one-liner program
perl -e 'print "hello world!\n"'

# add first and penultimate columns
perl -lane 'print $F[0] + $F[-2]'

# just lines 15 to 17
perl -ne 'print if 15 .. 17' *.pod

# in-place edit of *.c files changing all foo to bar
perl -p -i.bak -e 's/\bfoo\b/bar/g' *.c

# command-line that prints the first 50 lines (cheaply)
perl -pe 'exit if $. > 50' f1 f2 f3 ...

# delete first 10 lines
perl -i.old -ne 'print unless 1 .. 10' foo.txt

# change all the isolated oldvar occurrences to newvar
perl -i.old -pe 's{\boldvar\b}{newvar}g' *.[chy]

# command-line that reverses the whole file by lines
perl -e 'print reverse <>' file1 file2 file3 ....

# find palindromes
perl -lne 'print if $_ eq reverse' /usr/dict/words

# command-line that reverse all the bytes in a file
perl -0777e 'print scalar reverse <>' f1 f2 f3 ...

# command-line that reverses the whole file by paragraphs
perl -00 -e 'print reverse <>' file1 file2 file3 ....

# increment all numbers found in these files
perl i.tiny -pe 's/(\d+)/ 1 + $1 /ge' file1 file2 ....

# command-line that shows each line with its characters backwards
perl -nle 'print scalar reverse $_' file1 file2 file3 ....

# delete all but lines beween START and END
perl -i.old -ne 'print unless /^START$/ .. /^END$/' foo.txt

# binary edit (careful!)
perl -i.bak -pe 's/Mozilla/Slopoke/g' /usr/local/bin/netscape

# look for dup words
perl -0777 -ne 'print "$.: doubled $_\n" while /\b(\w+)\b\s+\b\1\b/gi'

# command-line that prints the last 50 lines (expensively)
perl -e 'lines = <>; print @@lines[ $#lines .. $#lines-50' f1 f2 f3 ...

Tag Archive for 'system'

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Apache 2.2.3 PHP 5.2.0 Mysql 4.1 Install

SVN服务器搭建完全手册

准备，下载所需要文件

检查已安装的 Apache2 是否已经安装了 mod_dav

编译APACHE2.2

编译SVN，遇到的问题和解决方法

使用 BerkeleyDB 保存数据

配置Apache和SVN，测试

其它小结

参考

Ruby on Rails Windows安装问题

DBD::mysql安装问题

Perl安装问题

Installing Ruby on Rails with mod_fcgi for Apache 2

linux系统下的多文件替换

使用rewrite实现永久重定向

SSH term problem

HOT PERL ONLINERS

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